No “Cat’s Paw” Claim Where Supervisor was Terminated for Violating Policy

A supervisor helped an injured employee obtain from the company nurse a work restriction that limited the number of hours the employee could work. However, the supervisor required the employee to work more hours than the restriction allowed. The supervisor alleged that at an intermediate-supervisor’s direction he denied the employee the breaks that the employee was entitled to. The employer discovered that the supervisor had failed to honor the injured employee’s restriction and terminated the supervisor. The supervisor, in turn, sued under the Iowa Civil Rights Act, claiming that he was retaliated against for seeking accommodation for the disabled subordinate employee. Using the “cat’s paw” theory, the supervisor argued that the intermediate-supervisor, who lacked decision-making power, used a manager as a dupe in a deliberate scheme to get the manager to fire him. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit rejected the employee’s claim because the intermediate-supervisor neither reported the supervisor’s violation of the work restriction to the manager nor recommended that the supervisor be disciplined. Nor did the manager rely on anything from the intermediate-supervisor in deciding to fire the supervisor. Instead, the manager fired the supervisor because he had admitted violating company policy by forcing the employee to work in violation of his restriction. This case is significant because of the Court’s recognition that the supervisor was required but failed to prove that the manager’s decision was actually influenced by the intermediate-supervisor. Employers must ensure that decision-makers do not make employment decisions based on their own desire, or the desire of a subordinate, to retaliate against an employee for engaging in any kind of protected activity.